One of the most important tests for diabetics is A1c test. Some of the newly diagnosed diabetics are unaware of this test. The A1c test actually is an indicator of the blood sugar level during the previous few months. It is an important diagnostic instrument for keeping good health.

It is not only a test for diabetics but is equally good diagnostic test for those who are at risk of diabetes. A1c test measures the average blood glucose in the blood of a person in previous 90-120 days. We know well that self monitoring the blood sugar level at home is essential for diabetics. A1c test compliments the self monitoring by providing a more clear picture of how the treatment program of the diabetics is performing in the long run.

A1c test is also termed hemoglobin A1c test. Hemoglobin is basically a protein which carries oxygen present in the red blood cells. The life of red blood cells is around 120 days. After this span of time these blood cells are replaced by the new ones. Each cell has a track record of daily glucose level throughout its life span. The excessive sugar in the blood of the person hooks up with hemoglobin and the result is higher value of A1c test.

This track record of blood glucose level in the memory of these cells is captured by the A1c test. Specifically this test shows whether the average blood sugar level of the said person is normal or not via measuring the %age of glycated hemoglobin. In uncontrolled diabetes this percentage can raise up to 25 %.

When there is excess glucose in the blood, the hemoglobin is unable to deliver the required oxygen to the cells of the body. Without sufficient oxygen the cells starts to damage. Several studies have proved the close connection with the higher results of A1c test and the diabetic complications like kidney, eye and cardiovascular problems.

The A1c test is an indicator that the diabetes management program is not working well and necessary adjustments are required. Diabetics should go for an A1c test at least two times in one year. In some case when the diabetics start a new medication or a new diet plan it is recommended that A1c test should be repeated after every 3 months. This helps in evaluating the reactions of the body to new regimen.

Though this test is vital for the diabetes management but it should not be considered a replacement of daily monitoring of blood glucose levels. It cannot assist the diabetic in adjusting the dose of insulin.